First, there is survival. In it, you have health, hunger, saturation and experience. You have to get resources to survive. Hostile mobs will attack you. Next, there is creative. You have unlimited recourses, no health, hunger, saturation, or experience. You can fly, and mobs don’t attack you. In spectator, its creative but you can go through blocks and can’t interact with anything except mobs! right-click a mob to see how it sees. In adventure mode, its survival except you can’t break most blocks. In hardcore mode, you are in survival and hard difficulty, and you can’t change out of it, and if you die, your world is deleted.